German health insurance is mandatory for all residents, including newcomers. Germany operates two parallel health insurance systems. This article distinguishes between them and offers guidance on choosing.
What Is German Health Insurance
German health insurance (Krankenversicherung) is required by law for all residents of Germany. Without valid health insurance, you cannot obtain a visa, complete Anmeldung, or work legally. Premiums are usually deducted directly from wages.
The system has two parallel types: statutory health insurance (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung, GKV) and private health insurance (Private Krankenversicherung, PKV). The choice between the two depends on income, occupation, and personal circumstances.
GKV và PKV khác nhau ra sao
GKV is the statutory system, with premiums calculated as a percentage of salary (typically 14-15.5%, split between the employee and the employer). Most employees earning below a certain income threshold are required to join GKV. Coverage is broad and extends to family members.
PKV is the private system, with premiums based on the chosen plan and health status (not on salary). People earning above the threshold, the self-employed, and civil servants have the option to choose PKV. PKV often offers faster service, but premiums can rise with age.
Notes for Newcomers
People coming to Germany under the EU Blue Card or a standard work permit usually join GKV through their employer when signing their contract. Those coming under the Chancenkarte, Ausbildung, or as students must arrange their own insurance before applying for a visa.
Common providers include TK, AOK, and Barmer (GKV) or DKV and Allianz (PKV). For newcomers arriving under the Chancenkarte, temporary international insurance plans (such as Mawista or Care Concept) are accepted by consulates for the visa.
You should refer to Make it in Germany and EU Blue Card Duc to check current conditions.
Summary
German health insurance is mandatory for all residents. There are two systems: GKV (statutory, 14-15.5% of salary split with the employer, covers family members) and PKV (private, premiums based on the plan, for higher earners or the self-employed). EU Blue Card holders and standard employees generally join GKV through their employer. Those on a Chancenkarte or Ausbildung must arrange insurance themselves beforehand. You should check which plan suits you.
